Контрольная №4 по Английскому языку Вариант №1

Тема: Контрольная №4 по Английскому языку Вариант №1

Раздел: Бесплатные рефераты по английскому языку

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 Вариант 1

I. Подберите к словам  соответствующие  определения:

1) customer                               a) the business of making goods in large     

                                              quantities in a factory                            

2) competitor                   b) a person or company  that supplies goods to

                                               shops  

3) distributor                   c) a person or a company  that  buys  goods  or

                                               services

4) manufacturing               d) part of a company’s profits paid to

                                               shareholders

 5) dividend                       e) another company which sells the same

                                              products or services

 6) merger                          f) amount the bank will pay customers on their

                                               deposits                                                                                                                      

7) interest rate                    g) money kept in the bank to earn interest

 8) savings                        h ) when the companies combine to form one  

                                                new company

II. Вставьте  в каждое  предложение  подходящее по смыслу пропущенное  cлово:

research       campaign      agency     employees      currency       overtime       tax           pension

1. Many European countries now have the same …….,the euro.
2. My wages are not very good, so I do a lot of …….
3. Nearly 40% of everything I earn goes to the government as…….
4. When I retire, my ….... will be 60% of my final salary.
5. If you want to know what people think about a product, you do some market…….
6. One recent advertising ……. lasted for over a year.
7. You employ an advertising …… to create a product image.
8. Our ……. are the best trained in the country.

III. Выберите правильный вариант:

1. ECONOMIC / ECONOMICAL

     a) Prices are rising and the number of jobs is falling. It's not just a business problem, it's a general …………problem.

     b) This car uses less petrol than the other one so this one is the more …………

2. PRODUCTION / PRODUCTIVITY

      a) We will increase pay if the employees raise their …………

      b) If we don't get another order soon, we'll have to cut ………… and maybe close a factory.

3.  SALARY / WAGE

      a) We pay a monthly………..by cheque to our white collar staff.

       b) We pay a weekly………..in cash to our part-time blue-collar staff.

4.   EMPLOYERS / EMPLOYEES

      a) ………… are people who are employed by companies.

      b) ………… are people who give jobs to others.

IV.   Прочитайте и устно переведите на русский язык весь текст. Письменно переведите абзац  № 1.

                     Inflation – Causes and Effects

     Older people often talk about how cheap things were when they were young. A brand new car may have cost only $5,000 compared to $20,000 today, or petrol that cost only a few cents in the 60s costs over a dollar today. Inflation happens when money loses some of its value. We measure the rise of inflation in percent. For example, 2% inflation means that a $1 bottle of milk will cost $1.02 next year. Inflation has many causes. In times when the economy is good and people have enough money they want to buy more products than factories can produce, so the prices go up. Inflation can also happen when workers demand more money or when the raw materials that producers need rise in price. The end product becomes more expensive and has to be sold at a higher price.

     Some economists say that central banks do not do enough to control how much money there is in a country. There may be more money around than there are goods. Consumers want to buy more products, the demand gets higher and prices go up. Sometimes low interest rates on loans make people borrow money to buy houses or cars. These prices go up as well. Inflation is not produced by one country alone. Sometimes a country cannot control the prices of certain goods as it would like to. A country that does not have any energy supplies of its own has to import energy. It has to pay a high price for oil and gas.

     Inflation is a sign that the economy is growing. It is normal when prices go up only a few percent every year. High inflation, on the other hand, leads to uncertainty in the population. Industries may not want to borrow money and invest when inflation is high. People don’t want to buy goods any more. Factories may get stuck with products they cannot sell and as a result workers get unemployed. It is very difficult to fight inflation.  Governments have an effect on inflation when they raise or lower taxes. They can also try to control wages and prices as far as possible.

V. Ответьте письменно на вопрос:

  Why does high inflation lead to uncertainty in the population?

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